CARBOLIC ACID
Phenol is organic colourless to white solid compound
Phenol is stable chemical substance and appears as colourless white crystals with charcterstic, distinct aromatic odour. It is reactive and incomapatible with strong oxidizing agent, strong base, strong acid, alkalis and calcium hypochlorite. phenol is flammable and may colour with light.
phenol is used in the manufacture or production of explosive, fertilizer, cokes,illuminating gas,lamblack,paints, paint remover, rubber, perfumes,asbestos goods, wood preservative, synthetic resin, textiles, drug and pharmaceutical prepration.It is also extensively used as a disinfectant in the petroelum,leather, paper, soap, toy, tunning, dye and agricultural industries.
- The predominant use of phenol today is for phenolic resins.it is a powerful bactericide,phenol can be found in numerous consumer products includingmouthwashes,antiseptic ointments,throat lozenges,air fresheners,eardrops,and lipbalms.
- Phenol continues to be a primary chemical used to make thermoset resins.These resinsare made by combining phenol with aldehydes such as formaldehyde.More than 4 billionpounds of phenolic resins are used annually in the United States.Phenolic resins findtheir widest use in the construction industry.
- They are used as binding agents and fillers inwood products such as plywood,particleboard,furniture, and paneling.Phenolic resins areimpregnated into paper,which,after hardening,produces sheets that can be glued togetherto form laminates for use in wall paneling and countertops.Decking in boats and docksare made from phenolic resin composites.
- Phenolic resins are used as sealing agents andfor insulation. Because phenolic resins have high heat resistance and are good insulators,they are used in cookware handles.Because they are also good electrical insulators,they areused in electrical switches,wall plates, and for various other electrical applications.In theautomotive industry,phenolic resins are used for parts such as drive pulleys,water pumphousings, brakes,and body parts.
- In addition to the construction industry,phenol has many other applications.It isused in pharmaceuticals,in herbicides and pesticides,and as a germicide in paints
- .It can beused to produce caprolactam,which is the monomer used in the production of nylon 6.Another important industrial compound produced from phenol is bisphenol A,which ismade from phenol and acetone.
- Bisphenol A is used in the manufacture ofpolycarbonateresins.Polycarbonate resins are manufactured into structural parts used in the manufactureof various products such as automobile parts,electrical products,and consumer appliances.Items such as compact discs, reading glasses,sunglasses,and water bottles are made frompolycarbonates.
Physical Properties:
| Melting Point | 40-42 °C(lit.) |
| Boiling Point | 182 °C(lit.) |
| Density | 1.071 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| Vapour density | 3.24 (vs air) |
| Vapour pressure | 0.09 psi ( 55 °C) |
| Refractive index |
n |
| Flash point | 175 °F |
| Storage temprature | 2-8°C |
| Solublity | H2O: 50 mg/mL at 20 °C, clear, colorless |
| Form | Liquid |
| pKa | 9.89(at 20℃) |
| Specific gravity | 1.071 |
| Colour | Faintly yellow |
| PH | 6.47(1 mM solution);5.99(10 mM solution);5.49(100 mM solution); |
| Odour | Sweet mediclinal odour detectable at 0.006 ppm |
| Explosive limt | 1.3-9.5%(V) |
| Sensitive | Air and light sensitve |
| Water solublity | 8 g/100 mL |
| 2-8°C |
